By shows how someone travels.
By bike, car, plane, train, boat, ship, bus, road, air, rail, sea, underground
By is used to show how we do something.
We paid by cheque / by credit card.
He contacted her by phone/ by fax / by email.
She made the card by hand.
They sent the letter by post.
We met by chance at the bus stop.
I rang her by mistake / by accident.
In the passive, by shows something is done by somebody/something.
He was fined by a policeman.
The football matched was watched by thousands of supporters.
Avatar was directed by James Cameron.
By is used to compare changes.
The amount has increased from 10% to 20% = It has increased by 10%.
By bike, car, plane, train, boat, ship, bus, road, air, rail, sea, underground
By is used to show how we do something.
We paid by cheque / by credit card.
He contacted her by phone/ by fax / by email.
She made the card by hand.
They sent the letter by post.
We met by chance at the bus stop.
I rang her by mistake / by accident.
In the passive, by shows something is done by somebody/something.
He was fined by a policeman.
The football matched was watched by thousands of supporters.
Avatar was directed by James Cameron.
By is used to compare changes.
The amount has increased from 10% to 20% = It has increased by 10%.
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